The steps, in order
- At least 2 yearsFinish undergraduate prerequisitesCourses such as anatomy and physiology, physics and statistics. Some programs prefer a bachelor's degree.
- Usually 4 yearsComplete a Pharm.D. programSciences, pharmacology and pharmacy law, with supervised work in hospitals and retail pharmacies.
- AlongsideComplete your intern hoursEach state sets the required number.
- After graduationPass two licensing examsLicensing varies by state, but two exams are typical.
- OptionalDo a residencyPharmacists seeking clinical or other advanced positions may train for 1 to 2 more years.
Ways through pharmacy school
Most students take the standard route, but some programs are structured differently.
| Route | Length of the Pharm.D. stage |
|---|---|
| Standard, after prerequisites | Usually 4 years |
| Accelerated | Some programs offer a 3-year option |
| Direct from high school | Some programs admit high school graduates into a 6-year program |
The exam
- North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination, run by NABP
- States also typically require a second exam, usually on pharmacy law
- Score transfer to additional states carries a separate fee
What to do in college
Admission requirements vary. A bachelor's degree is not always required, but some programs require or prefer one in biology, chemistry or a health field. Check each school's prerequisite list early, since these courses take at least two years.
Vaccines and specialties
In most states, pharmacists must be certified to give vaccinations. Later on, they can earn optional certification in specialty areas such as emergency care or oncology.
What the job pays
The national median was $140,910 a year, or $67.75 an hour, in May 2025. The BLS projects 5.2% job growth from 2025 to 2035, with about 12,500 openings a year.
Questions people ask
How many years does it take to become a pharmacist?
Usually about 6 years or more: at least 2 of prerequisites and usually 4 in a Pharm.D. program.
Do you need a bachelor's degree to get into pharmacy school?
Not always. Many programs require at least 2 years of prerequisite courses, while some require or prefer a bachelor's degree.
Is a residency required?
No, but it is common for those who want clinical or other advanced positions.
Sources
General information, not career advice. Requirements change and differ by state: confirm them with your state board and the program you are considering.