The steps, in order
- About 4 yearsEarn a bachelor's degreeMost programs require science coursework. Degrees are often in biology or a health field.
- Before applyingBuild patient care experiencePrograms may ask for experience as a medical assistant, EMT, paramedic or a similar job.
- At least 2 yearsComplete an accredited PA programClassroom and lab work, then supervised rotations in specialties such as family and emergency medicine.
- After graduationPass the PANCEPassing lets you use the PA-C credential.
- ThenGet a state licenseAll states and DC require one. Most also require an agreement with a supervising physician.
The exam
- Five blocks of 60 questions, with 60 minutes for each block
- Five hours of testing within a six-hour appointment
- application fee (NCCPA, checked November 2026)
Patient care experience matters early
Applicants typically arrive with hands-on experience, so it is worth planning this during college. Jobs like EMT or medical assistant count at many programs, and each program sets its own rules, including how many hours it wants.
Keeping the credential
Certification is not permanent. To keep PA-C status, physician assistants must complete continuing education and pass a recertification exam within a set number of years.
What the job pays
The national median was $135,880 a year, or $65.33 an hour, in May 2025. The BLS projects 21.1% job growth from 2025 to 2035, with about 11,500 openings a year.
Questions people ask
How long does it take to become a physician assistant?
Usually about 6 years or more after high school: a bachelor's degree, then at least 2 years in a PA program, plus any time spent gaining patient care experience.
Do you need a master's to be a PA?
A master's degree from an accredited program is the typical entry-level education.
How much does the PANCE cost?
NCCPA listed a $550 fee when we checked in November 2026. Confirm the current amount with NCCPA.
Sources
General information, not career advice. Requirements change and differ by state: confirm them with your state board and the program you are considering.